Is the abbreviated name of the institution that oversees the tariffs and authorization of passenger and cargo transportation by air. It stands for International Air Transport Association. Airlines that meet ICAO requirements can become IATA members.
What is the Limit of Request?
Load limit means the carrying capacity limits of vehicles traveling in traffic. The types and purposes of use of these vehicles also vary the amount of consumption. Responsibilities in traffic are important to ensure the safety of drivers, passengers and cargo. That's why some restrictions need to be observed. One of these restrictions, the occupancy limit, is stated in the licenses of all motor vehicles, whether passenger or commercial.
How to Calculate the Limit of Istiab?
Load limit only means carrying capacity and these limitations are determined in Article 128 of the Highway Traffic Regulation. These restrictions must be followed to ensure safe travel and cargo transportation without damaging the mechanical structures of vehicles and highways. It is considered to be excluding the driver within the limits stated in the license. This means that a passenger vehicle with a capacity of 4 people can be accommodated by 5 people including the driver. In case of transportation of goods by road, the load limit is limited by law. Limitations determined depending on axle types refer to the amount of weight that vehicles can officially carry.
Demand Limit Calculation
When calculating, original technical capacity values are taken from the factories where passenger cars or commercial vehicles are produced. In addition, the load limit is calculated according to different road structures and different vehicle brands, taking into account the structures of the highways and the engineering values that determine the carrying capacity of the vehicles.
Limits of Requisition on Trucks
While determining the load limit for trucks used for cargo transportation, their mechanical structures were taken into consideration. Accordingly, the maximum weights that trucks can carry vary depending on brands and models. Determination of the consumption limits specified in transportation vehicles by law also brings with it standards. The load limit written on truck licenses officially indicates the load to be transported.
Insurance Coverage in Case of Exceeding the Claim Limit
If the vehicles carrying out cargo transportation have an accident due to some reasons, the limit of interest is taken into consideration. Car insurance excludes accidents from coverage for vehicles carrying more than their load capacity. At the same time, vehicles that exceed the fuel limit stated in the license, even if they do not have an accident, insurance companies consider this limit excess as out of coverage. If the limit is exceeded, a traffic ticket may also be issued. If the loading amount is more than 5% of the consumption limit written in the license, a penalty may be applied.
Intermodal is the method of delivering the cargo to the buyer using different transportation methods without changing (handling) the transportation container of the products. Rail, road and RORO transportation methods are used effectively in intermodal transportation. Intermodal transportation method was developed to prevent damage to the customer's products and to provide a cost advantage. Since it does not proceed with a single transportation method, it causes less environmental pollution.
Road : Containers are mainly used in intermodal transportation. After the operations are completed by the container loading company at the loading point; The container is loaded onto the vehicle. The loads are shipped to the nearest railway point. Loading is done by the transporter onto the contracted train. The products arrive at the destination train station in a container. By loading the container onto the road transport vehicle by the transporter's agency. It delivers the products. If the container will load the return cargo from one point, it will return to the first country and location of departure, full or empty.
Railway : Railway transportation is one of the most important key points of intermodal transportation. Convenient freights and causes less environmental pollution. If there is a railway in some difficult mountainous regions, it provides great advantages. The container is easily loaded into the relevant train wagon without unloading. Loading and unloading also provides rapid operation for fast delivery.
Sea RORO Transportation : Intermodal transportation provides the most affordable price and intercontinental as well as domestic service at points where there is no land connection, allowing sea RORO transportation. It provides affordable freight with a mixed transportation method that integrates different transportation methods such as sea, land, air and railway without container transfer. RORO Ships can load mobile products with running gear. Containers loaded on trailers; the trailer is loaded onto the ship; At the destination, unloading is provided by the contracted agency's tow trucks.
Air Transportation : Although it is not very common in intermodal transportation, containers are sent to the destination airport by plane. It is used for urgent and sensitive cargo of multinational companies. Generally, valuable products are transported using this method. Since the cost of air transportation is higher than other transportation modules, this transportation method has little use.
In Intermodal Transportation Contracts, a separate contract is drawn up for each transportation module. Because the conditions of each transportation method are different, extra costs that may arise such as demurrage, storage, etc., which are subtle points in the logistics sector, vary depending on the individual transportation methods. In the intermodal transportation method, contracts are drawn up for land, sea, railway and air transportation in accordance with separate conditions for each.
Container Types Used in Intermodal Transportation: Generally, 45' containers and special equipment are commonly used. It also uses container types such as 40' and 20' DC for specific projects.
What is Force Major , what does it mean? Meaning in Turkish Dictionary: It means compelling reasons, involuntary events. In the logistics and foreign trade sector, force majeure events are considered among the force majeure events.
The involuntary termination or interruption of agreements between the receiver and the sender is called a Force Major situation.
It is included in logistics terms . In case of force majeure, the carrier, sender and receiver cannot be held responsible. Generally, even insurance companies do not accept payments in this case.
EUR.1 is a document that certifies the origin of goods for the purpose of preferential tariff treatment under certain trade agreements, particularly those between the European Union (EU) and other countries or regions. The abbreviation "EUR" stands for European Union Reference.
This document is utilized in international trade to prove that the goods being exported originate from a particular country and qualify for reduced or zero tariffs as per the terms of a trade agreement. EUR.1 certificates are issued by customs authorities or other authorized bodies in the exporting country.
To obtain an EUR.1 certificate, exporters typically need to provide evidence that the goods meet the origin requirements outlined in the relevant trade agreement. This could include demonstrating that the goods were wholly produced in the exporting country or that a sufficient percentage of their value was added there.
Once issued, the EUR.1 certificate accompanies the shipment of goods and is presented to customs authorities in the importing country to claim preferential tariff treatment. It helps facilitate smoother trade between countries by reducing or eliminating tariffs on qualifying goods.
Sure, "ETA" commonly stands for "Estimated Time of Arrival." It represents the anticipated time when a vehicle, shipment, or person is expected to reach a particular destination. This term is frequently used in the transportation and shipping industries.
The ETA is calculated based on various factors such as the route, speed of travel, weather conditions, and other variables. This estimate is typically provided by carriers or logistics companies to inform customers or recipients.
In summary, ETA refers to the predicted arrival time of a vehicle or shipment, determined based on several factors, and is provided to assist customers in planning and managing their schedules effectively.
"CMR" stands for "Convention relative au contrat de transport international de marchandises par route," which translates to "Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Goods by Road" in English. It is an international agreement governing the contract for the carriage of goods by road.
CMR was adopted in 1956 under the auspices of the United Nations Economic and Social Council. This agreement regulates the rights and obligations of parties involved in international trade by road transport, including cargo owners, carriers, and other stakeholders.
One of the key functions of CMR is to provide a consignment note, which serves as evidence that the goods have been received for transportation and outlines the terms of carriage. Additionally, CMR establishes the responsibilities and procedures for compensation in case of loss, damage, or delay of the goods during transportation.
Therefore, CMR serves as a standard document and regulatory framework for international road transport contracts. It has been adopted by many countries and is commonly used in commercial cargo transportation agreements.
"CAF" stands for "Currency Adjustment Factor." It is a term commonly used in international shipping and freight forwarding to refer to a surcharge or adjustment applied to freight rates to account for fluctuations in currency exchange rates.
When shipping goods internationally, freight rates are often quoted in a specific currency, such as US dollars (USD) or euros (EUR). However, currency exchange rates can fluctuate over time, affecting the cost of transportation services. To mitigate the impact of these fluctuations, shipping lines and freight forwarders may apply a Currency Adjustment Factor to their rates.
The CAF is typically expressed as a percentage of the base freight rate and is applied on top of the standard freight charges. The purpose of the CAF is to compensate for any losses or gains incurred due to changes in exchange rates during the course of shipping.
The calculation and application of CAF may vary depending on the shipping line or freight forwarder. It's essential for shippers and importers/exporters to be aware of these additional charges and factor them into their overall transportation costs when planning shipments.
Sure, an "ATA Carnet" is a document that facilitates the temporary export of goods for commercial or exhibition purposes without the need to pay customs duties or taxes. It stands for "Admission Temporaire/Temporary Admission Carnet."
This international customs document allows for the temporary admission of goods into a foreign country without the need for customs declarations or security deposits. It is widely used by businesses participating in trade fairs, exhibitions, or other temporary export activities.
With an ATA Carnet, goods can be temporarily exported and subsequently re-imported into the home country without incurring import duties or taxes, provided they are re-imported within the validity period of the Carnet.
The ATA Carnet simplifies customs procedures and reduces administrative burdens for businesses engaged in temporary exports, making it an essential tool for facilitating international trade.
"Freight" is a term used in the transportation industry to refer to the charge for transporting goods from one place to another. It is commonly associated with sea transportation but can also apply to other modes of transport such as road, rail, and air.
Freight represents the fee paid for the transportation service. This fee is determined by the carrier or transportation company providing the service and is based on various factors including the type and quantity of goods being transported, the distance traveled, the mode of transportation, the route, and other relevant considerations.
The freight charge is typically calculated per unit, such as per ton or per container, and may vary depending on the specific terms negotiated between the shipper and the carrier. It covers the costs associated with transporting the goods as well as the carrier's profit margin.
In summary, freight refers to the cost of transporting goods and is a key component of transportation costs in supply chain and logistics operations.
"Warehouse" typically refers to a facility or storage area where goods and materials are temporarily stored before being distributed or further processed. Warehouses are used by manufacturers, wholesalers, retailers, and logistics companies to store inventory and manage the flow of goods in the supply chain.
In a warehouse, goods may be stored on pallets, shelves, or in bins, depending on their size, shape, and storage requirements. Warehouses often feature loading docks for easy loading and unloading of goods, as well as equipment such as forklifts and conveyor belts to facilitate movement within the facility.
Warehouses play a crucial role in the logistics and distribution process, helping to ensure that goods are available when needed and enabling efficient transportation and delivery to customers. They may also provide services such as inventory management, order fulfillment, and packaging.
Overall, warehouses serve as key components of supply chain management, helping businesses to optimize inventory levels, reduce lead times, and meet customer demand effectively.